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Population
300,000
Throughout the United States, there are 567 federally recognized Native American reservations. Depending on the state, these lands are called reservations, rancherías (California), Pueblos (New Mexico), or Indian colonies (Nevada).
While these reservations are not populated solely by tribal members, their national membership is a little over 5 million people.
The highest concentration of Native American reservations can be found in the western United States. California alone has 103 reservations that are recognized by the federal government. Some of these reservations have no residents, but the total amount of residents on reservations within the state is over 55,000.
Arizona, Nevada, and New Mexico also are populated by large numbers of Native American reservations. Nevada and New Mexico have 22 while Arizona has 21. Some reservations cross state lines so they are located in multiple states. Arizona alone has a reservation population of over 262,000.
Other states with at least ten Native American reservations include Oregon, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Michigan, and Washington. The western states include tribal lands of the Northern Paiute, Coquille, and Umpqua tribes among others. Midwestern states are home to mostly the Ojibwe tribe along with the Potawatomi.
Multiple Native American tribal reservations can also be found in Iowa, Texas, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, North Dakota, Utah, South Dakota, Florida, Montana, and New York. Alaska, South Carolina, Idaho, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Virginia, Mississippi, Rhode Island, Oklahoma, Alabama, North Carolina, Nebraska, Colorado, and Wyoming all have one Native American reservation located within the state.
Beyond these federally-recognized reservations, eleven states have recognized tribal land on the state level as well.
The largest Native American reservation is the Navajo Reservation. Its 16 million acres of land are located in Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. This is also the most populated Native American reservation with approximately 169,000 residents. The Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota and Nebraska is the second most populous at about 16,000 residents. Fort Apache Reservation and the Gila River Indian Reservation in Arizona and the Osage Reservation in Oklahoma round out the top five most populated Native American reservations.
The Navajo Nation is the largest Native American reservation, consisting of 169,321 residents. The reservation is located in Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico and covers 17.5 million acres. By area, this Native American reservation is larger than ten different US states. The territory was acquired in 1848 after the United States won it as a prize from the US-Mexico War.
Straddled between South Dakota and Nebraska, Pine Ridge Reservation is home to 16,906 Native Americans. This reservation is the second-largest territory in the United States. Part of this reservation was originally included in the Great Sioux Reservation, but a treaty in 1889 separated the area into an independent and separate reservation.
Located in Arizona, the Fort Apache Reservation is home to 13,014 Native Americans. The majority of the residents in this reservation are from the federally recognized White Mountain Apache tribe. This group of Native Americans is typically found in the western Apache tribe regions.
As the fourth most significant Native American Reservation, the Gila River Indian Reservation is home to 11,251 Native Americans. The reservation is located in Arizona. The reservation area is positioned right next to Phoenix, making it very close to a metro area. The Gila River Indian Reservation was established in 1859 and is made up of seven different districts and several independent communities within the reservation borders.
Located in Oklahoma, the Osage Reservation is home to 9,920 Native Americans. This reservation is mostly made up of Native Americans from the Great Plains, established about 800 BC. The Osage tribe that lives on the reservation moved there from Kansas in the 19th century. The reservation is open to visitors and welcomes people to their reservation.
State | Reservations | Tribes | Population | American Indian (Total) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama | Poarch Creek Reservation (in FL too) | Abihka, Alabama, Apalachee, Apalachicola, Atasi, Chatot, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, Eufaula, Fus-hatchee, Hilibi, Hitchiti, Ispokogi, Kan-hatki, Kealedji, Koasati, Kolomi, Mobile, Mukalsa, Muskogee, Napochi, Natchez, Okchai, Okmulgee, Osochi, Pakana, Pawokti, Pilthlako, Sawokli, Shawnee, Taensa, Tohome, Tukabahchee, Tuskegee, Wakokai, Wiwohka, Yamasee, Yuchi | 287 | 61,655 |
Alaska | Annette Island Reserve | Ahtena, Aleut, Dihai-kutchin, Eskimo, Haida, Han, Ingalik, Koyukon, Kutcha-kutchin, Eskimo, Haida, Han, Ingalik, Koyukon, Kutcha-Kutchin, Nabesna, Niska, Natsit-kutchin, Tanaina, Tanana, Tennuth-kutchin, Tlingit, Tranjik-kutchin, Tlingit, Tranjik-kutchin, Tsimshian, Vaunta-kutchin | 1,460 | 146,557 |
Arizona | 21 reservations | Apache,Cocopa, Halchidhoma, Halyikwamai, Havasupai, Hopi, Kohuana, Maricopa, Mohave, Navajo, Paiute, Papago, Pima, Quahatika, Sobaipuri,Tonto, Walapai,Yavapai, Yuma | 262,204 | 405,281 |
Arkansas | Caddo, Cahinnio,Cherokee, Chickasaw, Illinois, Kaskinampo, Michigamea, Mosopelea, Ofo, Osage,Quapaw,Tunica,Yazoo | 61,280 | ||
California | 103 reservations (some with 0 members) | Achomawi, Agua Caliente, Alliklik, Atsugewi, Bear River,Cahto,Cahuilla,Chasta,Chaushila, Chemehuevi,Chemehuevi,Chetco,Chilula,Chimariko,Chumash, Chumash People,Costanoan,Cupeno,Cuyapaipe Band, Dakubetede,Esselen,Fernandeno,Gabrielino ,Halchidhoma, Hoopa,Huchnom, Hupa,Kamia, Karok, Kasihta, Kato,Kawaiisu, Kitanemake, Konkau, Konomihu, Koso, Lassik, Little Lake, Luiseno, Maidu, Mattole, Miwok, Modoc, Mohava, Mono, Nicoleno, Nongatl, Okwanuchu, Paiute (Northern), Patwin, Pomo, Quechan, Salinan, Serrano, Shasta, Shoshone, Sinkyone, Tolowa, Tubatulabal, Vanyume, Wailaki, Wappo, Washoe, Whilkut, Wintu, Wintun, Wiyot, Yahi, Yana, Yokuts, Yuki, Yuma, Yurok | 55,028 | 806,874 |
Colorado | Southern Ute and Ute Mountain Reservations | Southern Ute Indian Tribe, Ute Mountain Ute Tribe, Ute Mountain Tribe | 13,895 | 125,039 |
Connecticut | Mashantucket Pequot and Mohegan | 347 | 35,973 | |
Delaware | 9,810 | |||
District of Columbia | 8,258 | |||
Florida | 7 reservations | Miccosukee Tribe, Seminole Tribe of Florida, Dania, Big Cypress and Brighton Reservations | 3,620 | 178,120 |
Georgia | 107,995 | |||
Hawaii | Kanaka Maoli | 32,391 | ||
Idaho | Kootenai and Nez Perce | Coeur D'Alene Tribe, Kootenai Trib, Nez Perce Tribe, Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Reservation | 18,519 | 43,642 |
Illinois | 104,386 | |||
Indiana | 52,448 | |||
Iowa | 3 reservations | Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa | 8,529 | 28,277 |
Kansas | 4 reservations | Iowa Tribe of Indians of the Iowa Reservation in Nebraska and Kansas, Kickapoo Tribe of Indians, Prairie Band of Potawatomi, Sac and Fox Tribe of Missouri | 5,942 | 62,955 |
Kentucky | 32,270 | |||
Louisiana | 4 reservations | Chitimacha Tribe, Coushatta Tribe | 764 | 60,705 |
Maine | 4 reservations | Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians, Passamaquoddy Tibe, Penobscot Tribe, Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians, Passamaquoddy Tribe, Penobscot Tribe | 2,311 | 23,349 |
Maryland | 64,146 | |||
Massachusetts | Mashpee Wampanoag | 52,168 | ||
Michigan | 13 reservations | Bay Mills Indian Community, Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa, Hannahville Indian Community, Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe, Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa | 34,195 | 148,080 |
Minnesota | 12 reservations | Lower Sioux Indian Community, Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Prairie Island Indian Community, Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians, Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux, Upper Sioux Indian Community | 39,531 | 110,783 |
Mississippi | Mississippi Choctaw | Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, Tunica Biloxi Tribe of Lower Mississippi | 7,436 | 24,230 |
Missouri | 82,267 | |||
Montana | 8 reservations | Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes, Blackfeet Tribe, Chippewa Cree Tribe Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes, Crow Tribem Fort Belknap Indian Community, Northern Cheyenne Tribe | 64,862 | 87,563 |
Nebraska | Santee and Pine Ridge | Omaha Tribe, Sac and Fox of Missouri of the Sac and Fox Reservation, Santee Sioux Tribe, Winnebago Tribe | 19,735 | 33,736 |
Nevada | 22 reservations | Confederated Tribes of the Goshute, Duckwater Shoshone Tribe, Ely Indian Colony, Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes, Las Vegas Tribe of Paiute Indians, Lovelock Paiute Tribe, Moapa Band of Paiute Indian, Paiute-Shoshone Tribe, Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe, Reno-Sparks Indian Colony, Shoshone-Paiute Tribes, Summit Lake Paiute, Te-Moak Bands of Western Shoshone Indians, Walker River Paiute Tribe, Washoe Tribe, Winnemucca Indian Colony, Yerington Paiute Tribe, Yomba Shoshone Tribe | 7,470 | 67,377 |
New Hampshire | 10,734 | |||
New Jersey | 64,849 | |||
New Mexico | 22 reservations | Jicarilla Apache Tribe, Mescalero Apache Tribe, Navajo Tribe, Pueblo of Acoma, Pueblo of Cochiti, Pueblo of Jemez, Pueblo of Isleta, Pueblo of Laguna, Pueblo of Nambe, Pueblo of Picuris, Pueblo of Pojoaque, Pueblo of San Felipe, Peublo of San Juan, Pueblo of San Iidefonso, Pueblo of Sandia, Pueblo of Santa Ana, Pueblo of Santa Clara, Pueblo of Santo Domingo, Pueblo of Taos, Pueblo of Tesuque, Pueblo of Zia, Ute Mountian Tribe, Zuni Tribe | 60,663 | 229,071 |
New York | 9 reservations | Cayauga Nation, Oneida Nation, Onondaga Nation, Seneca Nation, St. Regis Band of Mohawk Indians, Tonawanda Band of Seneca Indians, Tuscarora Nation | 14,728 | 207,027 |
North Carolina | Qualla Boundary | Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians | 9,018 | 208,642 |
North Dakota | 4 reservations | Devils Lake Sioux Tribe, Standing Rock Sioux Tribe, Three Affiliated Tribes of Fort Berthold Reservation, Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians | 29,718 | 50,939 |
Ohio | 99,662 | |||
Oklahoma | Osage | Absentee-Shawnee Tribe, Alabama-Quassaarte Tribal Towns of the Creek Nation, Apache Tribe, Caddo Indian Tribe, Cherokee Nation, Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribes, Chickasaw Nation, Choctaw Nation, Citizen Band of Potawatomi Indians, Comanche Indian Tribe, Creek Nation, Delaware Tribe of Western Oklahoma, Eastern Shawnee Tribe, Fort Sill Apache Tribe, Iowa Tribe, Kaw Indian Tribe, Kialegee Tribal Town of the Creek Indian Nation, Kickapoo Tribe, Kiowa Indian Tribe, Miami Tribe, Modoc Tribe, Osage Tribe, Ottawa Tribe, Otoe-Missouria Tribe, Pawnee Indian Tribe, Peoria Tribe, Ponca Tribes, Quapaw Tribe, Sac and Fox Nation, Seminole Nation, Seneca-Cayauga Tribe, Thlopthlocco Tribal Town of the Creek Indian Nation, Tonkawa Tribe, United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee, Wichita Indian Tribe, Wyandotte Tribe | 47,472 | 535,675 |
Oregon | 10 reservations | Burns Piaute Indian Colony, Confederated Tribes of the Slietz Indian Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation | 8,945 | 130,446 |
Pennsylvania | 92,952 | |||
Rhode Island | Narragansett | 13,851 | ||
South Carolina | Catawba | 841 | 48,904 | |
South Dakota | 6 reservations | Burns Piaute Indian Colony, Confederated Tribes of the Slietz Indian Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation | 29,357 | 91,221 |
Tennessee | 62,889 | |||
Texas | 3 reservations | 1,778 | 370,697 | |
Utah | 4 reservations | Burns Piaute Indian Colony, Confederated Tribes of the Slietz Indian Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation | 24,665 | 56,640 |
Vermont | 8,096 | |||
Virginia | Mattaponi and Pamunkey | 138 | 89,497 | |
Washington | 28 reservations | 118,665 | 223,318 | |
West Virginia | 13,391 | |||
Wisconsin | 10 reservations | Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians, Forest County, Potawatomi Community, Lac Corte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, Menominee Indians Tribe of Wisconsin, Oneida Nation of Wisconsin, Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians, Sokoagon Chippewa Community of the Mole Lake Band of Chippewa Indians, St. Croix Chippewa Indians, Stockbridge-Munsee Community of Mohican Indians, Wisconsin Winnebago Indian Tribe | 36,178 | 93,288 |
Wyoming | Wind River | Arapaho Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Shoshone Tribe of the Wind River Reservation | 26,490 | 20,414 |
United States | 954,791 | 5,779,818 |